Unloaded for fluid-compressors.



W. PRELLWITZ. I UNLOADER FOR FLUID COMPRESSORS.

APPIQI'OATION FILED NOV. 20, 190B.

Patented May 28, 1912.

e sums-sum 1.

w. PRELLWITZ.

UNLOADER FOB. FLUID GOMPRESSORS.

Patented May 28, 1912.

APPLIGATION FILED NOV. 20, 1908.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W. PRELLWITZ.

UNLOADBR FOR FLUID OOMPRESSORS.

APPLICATION FILED 110120, 1908.

1,027,757. I Patented May 28, 1912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

W. PRELLWITZ.

UNLOADER FOR FLUID GOMPRESSORS.

APPLICATION FILED NOVLZO, 1908.

6 SHEETS-SHEBT 5.

fiazneda e s'k- I ,fnygyzzzv xjwh d w. WJ

Patented May 28, 1912.

W. PRELLWITZ. UNLOADEB. FOR FLUID GOMPRESSORS.

v APPLICATION FILED NOV. 20, 1908. I 1,027,757. Patented May 28, 912.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

' WILLIAM rRELLwrrz, or EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR T msEnsoLL RAND GOMPAHY, 0F NEW YORK, Na Y., A CORPORATTON OF NEW JERSEY}:

'UNLQADER- roa rnurn-oomranssons.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed November 20, 1908. Serial No. 463,603.

To all wiwmz't may concern Be it known that I, WILLIAM. PRELLWITZ,

. y a citizenof the United States, and residentfluid compressors and hasfor its principal object to provide a single device for controlling the loading and unloading of the uni 111 mechanism of a fluid com ressor at successively attained pressures.-

A further object is to provide a fluid pressure governed regulator having means, such as an auxiliary valve, arranged to successively operate a plurality ofmain regulator valves which control the loading and unloading of the compressor pumping mechanlsm.

AQpracticalembOdiment of my inventionis represented in the accompanying draw- .ings in which,

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a duplex single stage fluid compressor with my in- .vention applied thereto, Fig. 2 is a side view of the'compressor with a portion of the same. broken away, Fig. 3 is an end view of the compressor,'-Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail "view partially in section, of my' improved regulator, Fig.5 is a view taken at tail side, face'and endviews of the auxiliary rightangles to Fig. 4, partially in elevation and partially in section, Fig.6 is an outer 'faceview of the auxiliary valve chest with the cover plate removed, Fig. 7 is an outer face view vofjthe port plate which is interposedbetween the auxiliaryvalve chest and the main valve chest, Fig-8 is an inner face view of the same, Fig.9 is a faceview of the main valve chest, Figs. 10,11 and 12 are de valve, Fig. 13 is a detail sectional view showing 'a dash pot resistance for the regulator lever, and Fig. 14 is a detail sectional view aspring resistance for the regula showing tor lever.

' j I have chosen to illustrate-my: improved regulator in connection with 'a duplex singlestage fluid compressor provided with auxiliarv' receivers. arranged to be brought lnto v an out of communication with the interiors 1 of the compressor cylinders for securmg a step by step unloadmgor. lo'ad1ng'o f the usual discharge valves 6 and 7 at its opposite ends. The cylinder 1 is provided with four auxiliary receivers, the recelvers 8 and 9 communicating with the Inner end of the cylinder "and the receivers 10 and 11 with the outer end of the cylinder. The cylinder 2 is similarly provided with four auxiliary receivers, the receivers 12 and 13 communi eating withthe inner end of the said cylinder and the receivers 14 and 15 with the outer end thereof. Communication between these severa-l'auxiliary receivers and the interiors of the cylinders 1 and 2 is opened and closed by auxiliary receiver valves 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. The backs of these auxiliary receiver valves are brought into communication with a single fluid pressure governed regulator. In the present instance the branch pipes 24, 25 which lead fromthe backs of the auxiliary receiver valves 17 22,

'join in a common pipe 26 leading to the regulator. The branch pipes 27, 28 which lead from thebacks of the auxiliary receiver valves 19, 2.0, join in a common pipe 29 leading'to the regulator. The branch pipes 30, 31 leading from the backs of the auxiliary receiver valves 16, 23, join in a common pipe 32 leading to the regulator. The branch pipes 33, 34 leading from the backs of the auxiliary receiver valves 18, 21, join in a common pipe '35 leading to the regulator.

Thefluid "pressure governed regulator herein shown is one which is adapted to load or unload the pumping mechanism of the compressor four steps at successively attained pressures. [The main valve chest 36 of the regulator is rovided with four main regulator valves 3 ,38, 39, 40, having double headed pistons 41, 42, 43, 44 respectively. The spaces between the heads of the several pistons are at all times open to receiver pressure through ports 45, 46, 47, 48, opening into a'common port 49 in the port plate 50, which port isconnected to a pipe51 leading from therecei-ver. The main regulator valve: ports 52, 53, 54,55 are at Patented May 28,1912.

J 76 and the largest/by 77. Three.

79, 80, rest normally on the shoulders at the, j

auxiliary receiver valves.

all times in open communication ex ternal atmosphere through a common port 56 in the port plate, which port isin open communication with a pipe 57 leading. to

any suitable point.

, direction, the several ports 58, 59, 60, 61, will be brought into open communication with external atmosphere through the bridge ports in the said valves, thus unloading the Any suitable means may operating the several main regulator valves at successively attained pressures so as to load or unload the pumping mechanism step by step, which means is shown in the present instance as constructed, arranged and operated as follows: A chamber 66 is provided in the top of the main valve chest 36, which chamber is at all times open to receiver pressure through the pipe 67. This chamber is provided with a flexible diaphragm 68, which diaphragm receives the weight of a lever 69,.through connecting pieces '70, 71. This lever 69 is pivoted at 72 on the top 73 of the main valve'chest 36. A graduated resistance is provided for the lever' 69, which resistance is shown in Fig. 4 as a device arranged to successively add additional Weights to the lever 69 as the receiver pres-- surerises and for successively removing the weights therefrom as the receiver premu're falls, as follows. A suitable casing 74 is provided with a stepped bore,- the smallest ore being denoted by 75, the next la! bottoms of their respective bores arranged to be successively picked up'and deposited by providing a rod 81, which rod .passes downwardly through the weights and 1s pivoted at itsupper. end to the lever,

69 and is provided at its lower end with a. collar 82 below the weight 78. In 13 this resistance for the lever 69 is shown as by the rod 81. In

a dash pot 74*, the iston 81* shown as a sprin 81* surrounding the rod 81 and interpose between the collar 82* on the rod and a support 74*. This weighted lever 69 operates the means which controls the movements of the main valves, which means in the present instance,'is shown as an auxiliary valve 83 fittedto slide be employed ior ig. 14 thisreslstance is the auxiliary valve chest 130(185' is connected at its upper end to the lever 69 and is connected to the auxiliary valve 83 within the auxiliary valve chest 84. This auxiliary valve 83 isprovided with abridge port 86 and through ports 87, 88. V The.cham-,

slides, is atall times open to receiver pressure througha pipe 90. The inner wa the auxiliary valve chest 84 is provided with ports 91, 92, 93, 94, which are in open communication through passages 95, 96, 97, 98, in the port' plate 50, with ports 99, 100, 101, e102, at the corresponding ends of-the main regulator valve pistons 41, 42, 43, 44.

The inner wall of the auxiliary valvechest lof.

her 89 within which the auxiliary valve 83 84 is also provided with ports 103, 104, 105, 1

106, which. are in open communication through passages 107, 108, 109, 110, in the port plate. 50, with ports- 111, 11-2, 113, 114,

on the opposite sides of the main regulator valve pistons 41, .42, 43, 44. The auxiliary valve chest ,84 is also provided with a port 115 which is at all times in open communication with external atmosphere, through a port 116 opening into the common exhaust port 56 in the port plate 50. The ports 91,

'92, 93, 94,103, 104, 105,- 106 and 115 are arranged in alinement-in the path of the auxiliary valve 83. f

The opera 'on of the fluid pressure governedregulator as illustrated in Figs. 1-12 inclusive is as follows: .When the parts are in their normal position shown in the-acf eompanying drawings the auxiliary valve will be at the limit of its downward ment. This position of the valve will leave theports 91, 92, 93, 94, and thereby the ports 99, 100, 101, 102, open to receiver pressure; and the ports 103, 104, 105, .106 and thereby the ports 111, 112, 113, 114, open to external atm here. This will cause all of the main re ator valvesto be forced to the limits of their movements in a direction which will open the backs of the several auxiliary receiver valves to receiver pressure and thus hold the said; valves closed. As the receiver pressure beginsto -ris e, itwi1l act upon thediaphragm 68, thus raismg the lever 69. When the lever 69 has been raised a predetermined distance, the anxlliary valve 83 will be moved into a position to open the port-91 and thereby the port 99, to external atmosphere and at the same time open the port 103 and thereby the valve 37 to the limit of its movement in the opposite direction, thereby unloadin backsof then: receiver valves 1 22, by openingithe backs of the same to external atm here through the ports 58, 52, and valveridge port 62. If the receiver presthe move- Y 120 111, to receiver pressure the, auxiliary valve chamber 89 through the port 88 in the auxiliary valve'83. This 'condition will force the main regulator.

unloading of the pumping mechanism, the

- further upward movement of the lever 69 will cause the collar 82 to lift the weight 78.

The auxiliary valve 83 is so constructed that it will cause the shifting of. the next succeeding main regulator valve 38 to cause it to unload the auxiliary receiver valves 19, 20, without disturbing the unloaded condition of the auxiliary receiver va lves 17, 22. .If the receiver pressure still continues to rise, the upward movement of the lever 69 will causethe weight 79 to be picked up and will cause the auxiliary valve 83 to unload the auxiliary receiver valves '16, 23. A still further rise in the receiver ressure will cause the weight 80 tobe picke up and will cause the auxiliary valve 83.to unload the auxiliary receiver valves 18, 21; It willthus be seen that as the receiver pressure falls, the influence of the several weights will be removed from the lever 69 and also that the load will be thrown on to thepumping mechanism step by step. 1

While I have shown and described this fluid pressure governed regulator as applied to 'a fluid compressor "having auxiliary receivers for returning. the pressure fluid back to the pumping mechanism, it. is to be understood that this regulator may be used for unloading any fluid compressor atxpredetermined points. Furthermore, it is to be understood that while this fluid pressure governed regulator is shown in connection with a duplex single stage compressor, it

may be .used in connection with any. other.

type as may be desired. It is also to be understood that I do not wish to'limit my-' self to a four step loading and unloading of a fluid compressor by aslngle regulator but it is intended that this regulator' should cover the unloading of a fluid compressor in any number-of steps desiredpf WhatIclaimis:

1. The combination 'with "the cylinder" bf a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers, valves for opening and clos ng 'communication between the cyllnder and the auxiliary receivers-and a regulatorconnected to the backs. of the valves for successively unloading them as different predetermined high pressures are reached, vfor unloading the compressor etc by step.

2. The comblnation with the cylinders of I a duplex single stage'fluid compressor, of'

auxiliary receivers, valves for opening and closing communication between the cylinders and the auxiliary receivers and a--regu.-' lator connected-to theback'spf the valves for successively unloadingthem as different predetermined high pressures are reached,

for unloading the compressor step by step.

3. The combination with the cylinder of a :fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers,

valves for opening-and closing-communicareceivers and a single fluid pressure 1 loading tion between the cylinder and the. auxiliary overned regulator connected to the back? of the valves, for. successivelyunloading them as different predetermined high pressures are reached, or unloading the compressor step by step;

4. The combination with the cylinders of a duplex single stage fluid "compressor, of auxiliary receivers, valves for opening and closing communication between the cylinders andthje auxiliary receivers and a single fluid pressure governed regulator -connected' to the backs ofthe valves for successively unloading themas diiferent predetermined high pressures are reached, for unloading the compressor step by step.

5. The combination with the cylinder of a fluid 'compressor,-- of auxiliary receivers, valves for opening and closing communlcat1on between the cyhnder and auxlliary'receivers and a regulator.- for successively un- 4 loading the .valves as the pressure rises to predetermined points and for successively: I

loading the valves as the pressure falls to predetermined points, for automatically unstep.

au 1l1a receiver'svalves for o cum and 6. The combination with the. cylinders of 'a-duplex single stage fluid-compressor, of

and loading the compressor step by closing communication between .the cyllnders and auxiliary receivers and avregulator for a 1 successively unloading the valves as the presa .10 successively loading the valves as -the pressure falls to predeter'mixied points, for autosure rises to predetermined points and .,,for

matically unloadingand loading the-compressor step by ste 7. The combinatlon with't-he cylinder of-a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers,

valvesfor opening andclosing communication between"the cylinder and auxiliary re;

- ceivers andasingle fluid pressure 'overned.

regulator "for successively unloa ing -the as the pressure falls to predetermined. for automatically unloading compressor step by step.

8. The combination'with' the valves as the pressure rises'to predetermined.

a points andffor successivelyloading the valves r iiits and loadingthe: T .L-U:

cylinders of a ing'communic'ation betweenthefcylinders-u' and auxiliary receivers and a singlegfluitl predetermined points, vfor. automatically step.

pressure governed regulator foris'ucceissively'j unloading the 'valvesas the" ressure ris es't o",..

predetermined. points. and or successively loading the valves as the pressure. falls te .1 5 oading and loading thepomprejssorstep by -9". The 'combinatioli 'with the cylindersof; I

a fluid compressor, of auxiliary. receivers, I80

valves for openil'ig and closing-communication between the cylinders and auxiliary re- 'ceivers and a regulator connected to the backs of the valves for successively unloading them as difl'erent predetermined .high pressures are reached,'for unloading the compressor step by step.

10. The combination with the cylinders of .a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers,

, valves for, opening and closing communication between the cylinders and auxiliary receivers and a single fluid pressure-governed regulator connected to the backs of the valves for successively unloading them as different redetermined high pressures are reached,

or unloading the'compressor step by step. 11. The combination with the cyhnders of a fluid compressor,-of auxiliary receivers,

sively unloading t rises to predetermined points'and for sucvalves for opening and closin communication between the cylinders an auxiliary receivers and a single regulator for succese valves as the pressure cessively loading the valves as the pressure falls to predetermined points, for automatically unloading and loading the compressor 12. he combination with the cylinders of a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers,

- valves for openingand clos communication between the c linders an auxiliary rethe ceivers and a sing e'fluid pressure gfiivgerned.

regulator for successively; unloa -valves as the pressure risesto redetermined points and for successively loa ing the valves as the pressure falls'to predetermined ints,

for automatically unloadingand loadmg the compressor ste by step. v

13. The com ination with thecylinder of a fluid compressor, of-auxiliary receivers,

valves for opening and closing communication between the cylinder and auxiliary refOI controlling the movements of the saidceivers and a regulator comprising a pluralty of main valves, arranged to control the operation of the auxiliary receiver valvw to load and unload the compressor and means main valves.

14. The combination with the cylinder a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers, valves for openingjand closing communication between the cylinder and auxiliary receivers and a regulator comprising a plurality of main-valves; arranged to control the operations of the auxiliary receiver valves to load and unload the compressor and fluid pressure operated means. for controlling the movements of said main valves.

' 15. The combination with the. cylinders of a duplexsingle stage fluid compressor, of auxillary receivers, valves for openin and closing communication between the cyhnders and the auxiliary receivers'and a regulator comprising a plurality of main valves, arranged -to control the operation of the auxiliary receiver valves to load and unload the 'to receiver pressure or to atmosphere and inders an movements of the said main valves.

compressor and means for controlling the movements of the said main valves.

16. The combination with the cylinders of a duplex'single stage fluid compressor, of

auxiliary receivers, valves for opening and closing communication between the cyhnders -andthe auxiliary receivers and a regulator comprising a plurality of main valves 'arranged to control the operation of the auxiliary receiver valves to load and unload the compressor and fluid pressure operated means for controlling the movements of the said main valves.

17. The combination with the cylinder of a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers, valves for opening and closing communication between the cylinder and the auxiliary *receivers and a regulator comprising a plurality of main valves arranged to open the t e movements of the said main valves.

19. The combination with the cylinders of a duplex single stage fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers, valves for opening and closin communication between the cylthe auxiliary receivers and a regulator comprising a plurality of main valves arranged to open the backs of the 5 "auxiliary receiver valves either to receiver pressure or toatmosphere and means for cont-rolling the movements of the said main valves.

20. The .combi'nation with the cylinders of a duplex single stage fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers, valves for opening "and closin communication between the cylinders an the auxiliary receivers and a regulator comprising a plurality of main va ves-arranged to open the backs of the auxiliary-receiver valves either to receiver pressureor to atmosphere and fluid pressure operated means for controlling the movements of the said main valves.

21. The combination with the cylinde of a fluid compressor, ofauxiliary receivers,

valves for opening and closing communication between the cylinder and auxiliary receivers and a regulator comprising a plu- 'rality of main valves arranged to open the backs of the auxiliary receiver valves either to receiver pressure or to atmosphere and a single auxiliary valve for controlling the of a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers, valvesfor opening and closlng commumcation between the cylinder and. auxiliary receivers and a regulator comprisinga plurality of main valves arranged .to open the backs of the auxiliary receivervalves either to receiver pressure or to atmosphere, a S111- gle auxiliary valve for controlling the movements of the said main valves and a fluid pressure operated lever for moving the for controlling the movements of the said main valves, a fluid pressure controlled lever auxiliary valve. a I

23, The combination with the cylinders of a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers, valves for opening and closin communication between the cylinders an auxiliary-receivers and a regulator comprising a plurality of main valves arranged to open the backs of the auxiliary receiver valves either to receiver pressure or to atmosphere and a single auxiliary valve for controlling the movements of the said-main valves.

I The combinationwith the cylinders a of a fluid compressor, of auxiliary receivers,

valves for opening and closingjcommu'nication between the cylinders and auxiliaryre- 'ceivers..and a regulator comprising a plural'ity of'main valves arranged toopen the 1 backs of the auxiliary'receiver valves either to receiver pressureor to atmosphere, a single auxiliary valvefor controlling the move-- p ments ofthe said main valves and a fluid pressureoperatedlever for novingthe auxiliary valve.

25. The combination with i the cylinders of a duplex single stage fluid compressor, of

1 auxiliary receivers; valves for opening and closing communlcation between the cyl1nders andauxlllary recelvers and a regulator comprising a plurality of main valves arranged to open the backs of the auxiliary 1 receiver valves either to receiver pressure or I to: atmosphere and a single auxiliary valve,

for controlling the movements "ofthe said main valves. 1 26. The combination with the cylinders I of a duplex single stage fluid compressor, of auxiliary; receivers,- valves, for opening and closing communication between the c'ylin-= dersandauxiliary receivers and'a regulator comprising a. plurality. "ofmain: valves ar- =ranged to open the backsfof the auxiliary receiver valves either to receiver pressure. or

f-to atmosphere, a "singlefauxiliary valve for' controlling the movements of the saidmaih' valves and a pres'sure perated lever" or moving the auxiliary. valve. I

mg a plurality I of main valves inde- *w contr -wa low g a u lo n 9f th 1 compressor, and afsingle'auxiliary valvefor, lling' the movements or the said mainalves aria regulator-r fluid Qcompre s'sors the" compressor; valves arranged 1 frgifiateiirar comprising a pluralityof mainvalves independent of the compressor valves arranged to control the loading and unload ingof the "compressor, a singl auxiliary valve for controlling the movements of the said main valves, and a fluid pressurecontrolled lever for moving the auxiliary valve. 29. A regulator for fluid compressors v "comprising a plurality of main valves ar-j ranged to controlthe loadingand unloading of thecompressor, a single auxiliary valve for moving theauxiliary valve, and means for successively applying weights to and re-,

com res's'or valves an afisin le auxilia a v valve for controlling'thef'moyementsglf the said main valves. 1

31. Ai regulator com rising a plurality. of-imain v l i d pen ent ofthe compressor-"valves?arranged to open the backs of certain of the compress pendent ofthe compressor valves arranged to open'the backs ofcertain of the compressor valves either to receiver pressure or to atmosphere for loading or. unloading'the f r} 'fl'u'id compressors i' sor valves either to receiver pressure or, to' at-. I

'mosphere forloading or u nlefiding the com p'ressor va1ves,-a single aux valves,- and a fluidpressure c ntrolled lever ary valvefor o controlling the movements oiEthe said main compressors comprising a plurality of mainvalvesj-arranged to' openfthe-backs of certain of the compressor valves either to'recelv'er pressure or to atmosphere for loading or' unloading the compressor valves,, a single auxiliary valve for controlling the movements of the lever for moving the auxiliary valve, and

pressors comprising a plurality Iof-Imain' valves independent of the compressor valves? arranged to control the loading, and unload- -said main'valve's, a fluid pressure gcontrolled' ing ofthef compressor, -and a sin'gleauxil-Q iary valve'for controlling the movements or the main valves.

' 34;. .A regulatorffor single'stage fluid oomp'ressor's, comprising a, '-plurality of {main "valves independentoffthe,compressor-valves arrangedto control theloading. and unload" comgressor; a; 'singl auxiliary 1 in ;ttliefmeveriientsof the vmain valvesj' and a; uidpre'ss'ure controlled "lever'for-r-moving the auxlliai'y valve. H I 35; A regulator for'single stage fluid com- 'pressors' comprising 1' 3, plurality of main in'g of-the- 7 Va ve for contro valves arranged to control the loading and unloading of the compressor, a single auxillever reaches diiferent predetermined points.

36. A regulator for duplex single stage fluid compressors comprising a plurality of mainvalves independent of the compressor valves arranged to control the loading and unloading of the compressor cylinders, and a single auxiliary valve for controllingthe movements of the main valves.

37. A regulator for duplex single stage fluid compressors comprising a plurality of main valves independent of the compressor valves arranged to control the loading and Y unloading the compressor cylinders, a

single auxiliary valve 'for controlling the movements of the main valves and a fluid pressure controlled lever for moving the auxiliary valve. v 38. A regulator for duplex single stage fluid compressors comprising a pluralit of main valves arranged to control the loa g In testimony,that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed myname in resence of two'witnesses, this ninth day of ovember 1908. j

PRELPWITZ. Witnesses: I i I I F. Gnome BARRY, IIENBY-THIEME. 

